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Topic posted by Okazaki-sensei on 2008-12-21 15:54:36 GMT
みなさんは日本人と話しているとき、自分の国では見られないような話し方に気づくときはありませんか。最近の研究によると、日本人は会話の中で「繰り返し」をたくさん使うそうです。「繰り返し」とは、たとえば次のようなものです。
Ａ どこの出身？
Ｂ 広島。
Ａ あー、広島なの。
Ｂ そう。東広島。
Ａ ああ、東広島ね。１回行ったことある。
外国人と話し方の比較をした研究でも、日本人にはこの「繰り返し」が多く見られたそうです。これは多くの場合、確認の意味で行っているのではありません。ではなぜそうするのでしょうか。会話で、もし「繰り返し」を使わなければ、他の質問をしなければなりません。ですが質問をするということは、自分が会話のイニシアチブをとるということになります。日本人にはこれを避けたがる傾向があるようです。次の会話は西洋人の旅行者と、日本人の案内係による会話です。
旅行者：Is there a toilet around here?
案内係：Would you like to use the toilet ?
旅行者：(Somewhat astonished) Sure I do !
案内係：Please go down the steps....
この旅行者は言語の研究者ですが、なぜこんなことを聞くのか不思議に思い、いろいろと考察したようです。ですが日本人からすれば、この質問に特に意味はないのです。ただ「そこの階段を下りていってください」といきなり言うのは少しつっけんどんに思えるから、やわらかく伝えようとしただけではないかと思います。
引用文献 ・大浜るい子(1998)「日本人の言語行動－談話展開のためのストラテジー－」
・Mey,Jacob L.(1993):Pragmatics. An introduction. Oxford. Blackwell.
澤田治美，高司正夫訳(1996)『ことばは世界とどうかかわるか』ひつじ書房
今回は読解力をつけていただくことを中心に考えていますので語彙を提示しておりません。
In order to enable you to practice your reading skills, this week's blog does not have a vocabulary list
Japanese people's way of speaking
When you talk to Japanese people do you ever get the feeling that there some ways of speaking that you do not use in your own country's language ? According to some recent research, apparently Japanese people use a lot of repetition in their conversations. By repetitions, I mean in conversations like the one shown below :
A: Where are you from ?
B: Hiroshima
A: Really, Hiroshima ?
B: Yes, I'm from Higashi Hiroshima/
A: Oh, Higashi Hiroshima. I've been there once before.
When researched, conversations between foreign people had less repetition than conversations between Japanese people. The reason for the reptition in many cases is not for the purpose of confirmation. Then why do we do this ? If we does not use repetition in the conversation, we would be have to ask another question instead. Asking questions in the conversation would constitute taking the initative of the conversation on ourselves. Japanese people tend to avoid doing this.
The next conversation is one involving a Western traveller and a Japanese information desk guide.
Traveller : Is there a toilet around here ?
Guide : Would you like to use the toilet ?
Traveller : (Somewhat astonished) Sure I do !
Guide : Please go down the steps....
As it turns out, this particular traveller was a language researcher and he thought it strange that the guide should ask him this question, so he made some inquiries about it. However from a Japanese person's point of view, this question has no specific meaning . Its just that to merely answer “Please go down those steps” in response would seem rather blunt, so I think she asked the question just in order to soften the response.
References
Oohama .Marui (1998) : [lit.]Japanese Linguistic Behaviour – Strategies for expanding conversations
Mey,Jacob L.(1993) : Pragmatics. An introduction. Oxford. Blackwell.
Sawada. Harumi/Takao. Masao (1996) : [lit.] How to relate to the world through words
今回は読解力をつけていただくことを中心に考えていますので語彙を提示しておりません。
In order to enable you to practice your reading skills, this week's blog does not have a vocabulary list
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